Video Transcript
Da Southerntherland, Derek Sutherland. There you go. He's the VP of R&D Real Fusion, guys. And our boy Andrew Cot, uh, who I like, but you know, I do have to say, not trying to be too critical here. >> This gives you an equation that output in watts. So, this is actually how many watts of fusion power you're making. So, this equation is super important for just understanding all fusion approaches. But, there's another form of writing it. So, I'm gonna slow down here just to go through why we write it this way. So, there's a couple different terms we like to use in Fusion. One of those is called beta. And so, what beta is, is a dimensionless quantity. So, >> hold up, son. Hold up. We got emojis. We got We got memes to play. Dude, this shit's PeeWee's Playhouse. You just said the magic word. Hi, beta. Yes, it's an important lesson. Here we go. >> You're dividing something by the same units and so it's just a number. Um, and the top of that normalization is basically the plasma pressure. So you can think like this is the density times the temperature of that hot fusion plasma and this would be like in units of pascals or atmospheres. So the same type of pressure we know and love. And then you divide that by the magnetic pressure which is actually just B^2 over the vacuum permeability. And so you can think of this kind of like a magnetic energy density as it were. And so what beta really represents is like how how efficiently are you using these magnetic fields and magnetic confinement fusion to confine that hot plasma pressure that's producing your fusion power. And the reason why we use beta just in general is that it's often tied to stability limits which kind of sets the maximum beta you can hit in a fusion system before the confinement starts to degrade. So what we do is that we rewrite that top equation in forms of beta in terms of magnetic field, the reactivity which is the temperature dependent quantity and then the volume of the plasma. So P fusion equals beta^ 2 B 4 reactivity over the temperature squar time the positive volume. Why we like writing about this is that it really points to all the different knobs you have to increasing the fusion power output. On that first term you can pick the type of fusion you're pursuing. So whether it's a tokamac or accelerator which are relatively low beta or magnetic mirrors or f frc pinchers which are very high beta that is a quadratic increase in the fusion power density just from choosing a different fusion type. The purple term there is the mag. >> Wait, what's he doing here? H chat, we better not be buffering chat. If I'm not coming in 4K right now, there's going to be hell to pay. >> And so this is where HTS high temperature superconductor magnets come in where you dial up the magnetic field to a much higher value. Let's say we can double the magnetic field than previously possible. That means we get a two to the fourth a 16x increase in the fusion power density just by measure increasing the magnetic field by two. So that's a huge deal. >> Okay. Did wait my why is my my thing all broken? How come I can't change my stuff? Chat is am I broken? Chat. Okay, there we go. Whoa. Hello. Okay. Do you hear what he just said right there? You know what? We might just skip to the good stuff. It's been all laggy. So, I wanted to surprise you guys. This was my little gift for you on a Friday. I had something sweet ready to go. Yeah. Why is my stream not working? May have to restart, guys. Okay, here's your dope graph. Well, I won't make you wait. I won't make you wait, chat, because he just said the thing. Now, I've got to explain words and science to people. Where is it? Where are you at? Power graph. There it is. Look at this beautiful graph, everybody. Okay, if you're only listening on audio and you can't behold the beautifulness of this power density graph right here, what that man was just saying is that he was saying that if you jack up the Tesla, the B field, the magnetic field strength, that's what we refer to it as Teslas because Tesla was the dopest of all the scientists. That's why he gets the term. That's what you see on the bottom right. If you jack that up, you get 16 times the power increase. You'd be like, "Wait, how can you be getting that much?" Yes, because that's what happens when you things increase exponentially. You get like a lot more power gain out of it. So, take a look at this graph in the bottom right here. Is there a way I can just like make this bigger or something? Hold on. Let me find out a better way to make this. We're gonna be needing to share this in the future as well. Here we go. I got I found I found a better way, chat. A way that doesn't suck. Here we go. Look at this thing. Look at this beauty. Absorb it in, chat. Absorb it into your eyeballs. Look at this one on the bottom left. What does this on the bottom left say here? This is beta. This is the same beta that I've been talking about. So let's look at this graph. Anybody can Can you read a graph, chat? If you're in America, if you're an American, you probably can't read a graph. This is not a judgment call. It's just numbers game. So let me help you. These numbers between zero and one, these refer to the beta that we're talking about. So when I say beta of one, I'm saying this beta all the way over here on the left. It's all the way up to the number one. Wow. Incredible. That's how math works, chat. Now on the right you see B. This is a different B. This one's not beta. This is magnetic field strength as in the Tesla of your superconducting magnet. So the one on the right refers to how powerful your superconducting magnet is. Now did you know that most of these magnetic field strengths of these machines that they're using are about five Tesla. So imagine you have a tokamac that's got about a beta factor of 0.1. Uh that's somewhere down here in the shittiest cubes in the bottom near the zero. And then over here you've got a beta or a uh uh Tesla magnetic field strength B value of about five. So how much power is that going to give you? Uh about let's see let me just do the math in my head here. Uh jack [ __ ] It's going to give you jack [ __ ] in terms of power. So, you want to wonder, you want to understand how fusion is just the biggest scam in the world? These people are out here messing around in the in the red zone where there's just basically no power gain whatsoever. Going, we're working on how to figure out fusion in this flat red zone where you're not even close to getting useful energy. You got to get over here to where this green zone is that you mean start getting close to where we're going to be like doing real fusion for the power generation. And we're down here in the shittiest possible zone. Now, let me tell you this now. Now, watch. So, we're in this crappy zone down here at the bottom. Now, watch what happens if we shift over to beta plus one. We're going to shift all the way over here to the left to beta 1. And then, do you guys know how powerful our superconducting Rebco magnets are? the levitating dipole fusion magnets that we were talking about just earlier this week. They have Teslas of 20. 20, not five, 20. So, let's go look at where that leads us to. If we do Tesla of 20 on the right, holy [ __ ] Tesla of 20 plus beta of one puts us over the line of 1,000 times amplification. They're not even trying to solve it. And they know what the answer is. You just look at the math. Just look at the math. And the math says if your beta ain't one, you are never getting there. Even heck, even with Tesla of 20, beta of one's not doing or beta of 0.10 is not doing it. You look at that graph. Look at this. Look, if your beta is only 0.25, you could have Tesla of 20 and you're still not getting there. Doesn't matter.