Video Transcript
We are at this point now where we might have just like spoiled it for ourselves. We can't just enjoy the simple things anymore. We just know too much. We've learned too much about a neutronic fusion, about plasma orbs flying around. We've learned too much about what the real capabilities are. And now when we watch this Marvel movie stuff and this Disney craft, it if anything, they downplay what is actually possible. And that's why I feel more grounded in just talking about things that are real like you know plasma fusion scientists that are being assassinated in their homes because even if in this case of the MIT director director of the fusion program by the way chat director of the largest academic fusion program in the entire world gets gunned down in the back walking through his own doorway into his own complex. Now, there's not a lot of possibilities here at play. This is People were asking me before the live stream, is your spider sense going off? Is your danger sense going off? Absolutely, it's going off, chat. So, what are the possibilities that what could have happened here? There's not a lot. It really gets narrowed down pretty quickly. Is it a random act of violence? Almost certainly not. means that probably he was targeted and we're in the middle of Fusion becoming publicly disclosed. I mean, Fusion has always existed and we've had it cracked, but we're actually right now watching it become publicly accepted and commercialized in real time. We're watching it happen. Just recently, nine Iranian scientists were assassinated in Iran by MSAD, which you know is basically synonymous with the CIA. If they were looking for revenge, that would be pretty high on the target list for people to get revenge on. So, I'm not necessarily saying Iran did it, although I have seen reports of people already claiming that Iran did it, but you can't rule it out. The circumstances of the situation are consistent with an assassination, a state sponsored assassination, and he's a target that you would expect as well. I'm going to pull up this presentation. We're going to watch this presentation um by the man himself. Two key points that I want to address to you guys. Number one, he talks about that you can't we can't explain where the magnetic fields from the earth and the magnetic fields from the sun come from. They should have dissipated away long ago. specifically the one in the earth. If it was just a normal magnetic field that was primordial, meaning that it originated from when the solar system was created, it should have dissipated away long ago. And yet it didn't. It hasn't. In fact, not only has it not dissipated away, the magnetic field has remained relatively constant. We can tell because we can do like soil sample stuff, checking magnetic field lines. What does that mean? If you are MH370X, you know what it means. It means that there is some understanding of spaceime of the universe itself that allows for more stability, specifically plasma stability than what classical physics would allow for would explain. The other big thing that he mentions amplification of magnetic fields, he specifically calls this out in the presentation we're going to watch. I'm going to play the clip for you. Calls out that this term in the equations when you're doing magneto hydronamics implies an amplification factor of the magnetic field strength. And this is the very thing that I was trying to reconcile with Salvatore Py. And Salvatore Pais was saying we can achieve this magnetic field amplification, energy amplification. How do we reconcile this idea of energy amplification? And where is that energy coming from? If we're if we're amplifying energy from where? From what? And the answer is the space-time lattice, the zero point energy. This is what Salvatore PI is getting at. So now I'm ready to say that the answer to fusion is we are going to find out something miraculous about fusion. What we're going to find out is that when we do fusion and we compare it to the models, the chemistry models of the energy that's coming out, it's not going to add up. There's going to be an extra term. There's going to be an extra term. And we can already predict this extra term because there are relativistic effects that we are generally ignoring when we're doing our models. When we accelerate things towards the speed of light, physical our physical perception of what's happening changes. This is exactly what Einstein predicted. So those are the two main things, but there are more more takeaways from this. So just imagine like we're listening now and we're learning from somebody who's now deceased but was the premier expert at the one of the the if not number one number two top colleges in the in the entire country possibly the world at the leading academic fusion center in the world. giving us his insight to how fusion works and the significance of fusion and what we should be thinking about when we're thinking about how to do fusion and how to do it successfully. Okay, here we go. >> Why plasma physics matters? Um, so I said this already. Um, it's interesting per se as an intellectual frontier of theoretical physics. Um, sorry and and sort of by the way, you know, you um a question that often arises is this. You know I I sometimes explain to uh colleagues that you know a lot of plasma physics is pre-relativistic and pre-quantum and they sort of stare at me in this belief and think how can that be any interesting and well you know it's interesting in the sense that alil statistical elected dynamics is not a soul field by any means um and so that alone so maxel plus loadsman leads to enormous complexity and um that's quite enough to keep a lot of us a lot of us busy um so you know so I'm not I'm not Oh, >> so he just said something really big there. He said that plasma physics predates quantum mechanics and he says when he talks about Maxwell Boltzman, he says this gets really complicated. This is the thing. Why have we been studying plasma physics in all our labs? Why is fusion always 30 years off? Because it's really, really complicated. Because what we're trying to do is we're trying to model the motion of individual particles in a giant soup of particles. We're trying to model that and figure that out. And turns out quantum mechanics helps out a lot from this perspective. Helps out a lot. >> We're stating it when I say that it's an open frontier of theoretical physics. But in terms of sort of scientific and engineering questions, um you may have heard of fusion as an alternative u alternative clean energy source. So much so that the national academy of engineering here in US has chosen fusion as one of the grand challenges for engineering in the 21st century. And I'll talk more about this fusion at its heart whether it is successful or not depends on how much we can control the plasma and predict and understand its nonlinear dynamics. So that's quite a challenge. So he just said it right there. Not going to harp on it too much, but he said the key to fusion is controlling and understanding the movement of the plasma. So now we can also understand that when we talk about these simulations, why we need these super powerful computers to do the modeling because the modeling and the math that we're doing here is really complicated because it's like what do we know? We know that spacetime tells matter how to move and matter tells spacetime how to curve. Well, okay. So, you're saying that space is moving the matter, telling us where to move, but the matter is also bending the spaceime at the same time. So, it's kind of feedback loop on itself. So, you have to model that with a supercomput, but you have to model it over some big region of space and how that's all going to work out. It's very complicated. illustration is actually a simulation done by a high high school student that was interning in my group. And this is just to show you the sort of complexity of uh electron trajectories that you can get in a plasma if you have a magnetic field that you impose that's varying cenosidally as a function of time. Okay. So, so this picture here uh is imagine that you give these electrons a magnetic field that you prescribe. This magnetic field varies as a function of time at some frequency and you ask what are going to be the trajectories of these electrons and this is what you get you know you see the electrons with random velocities initially uh and you get this sort of behavior you know as an illustration I think it makes it quite clear that even sort of prescribed simple magnetic fields give rise to a lot of complexity this gives rise there's a lot of complexity in our plasma since the plasma is producing its own electromagnetic fields this is going to be extremely complicated ated is that even if you take the most simple situation, these electrons are bouncing in every single different direction. So how are we going to ever model this? We would have to understand the nature of spacetime itself in order to model this. Hold up. Does anybody out there know the nature of spacetime? Uhoh. So you're saying you're saying that if we understand the nature of spaceime, we might be able to accurately model how all of these particles are going to move around everywhere. Yes. And we do we do have an understanding of spacetime. What is what is our understanding of spacetime? Well, zero point energy. Zero point energy is our understanding of spacetime. An extra dimension of energy that's all around us all the time. that allows for entanglement to exist between two points. If we have that, if we understand that, and let's just say hypothetically that the connection is vortex motion through the ether, right? Alternating vortex flow. If we understood that, then in theory, we should be able to model plasma extremely accurately and even predict where the particles are going to move at every given moment. That's pretty much what we would need based on what he's saying right here to solve fusion. The good news is I think we've got that. Here's you know here's Boltzman equation if you wish where the acceleration is given by the Lawrence force electric field plus a magnetic field acting on a particles that are at position R with velocity V. Okay. So how do you solve this self-consistently? Well, you do it you do it as follows. You say I'm going to solve this equation but I need electric fields and magnetic fields. Wonderful. So I know Maxwell's equations. Here they are. uh and by the way they are written here in uh CGS units because um we are strong believers in the fact that the electric field and magnetic field should have the same units so we use CGS tentially um so there you are so that's um so that's Maxwell and then you say well but Maxwell depends on charge density and depends on current current density so how can I compute those well you do that because current density is the sum of all species of density times charge and the density is just the integral over velocities space of the distribution function. >> So, if you're getting lost here, my wine moms, Ashton's Orbee, uh, Only Fans, wine moms who are out there watching, who are going, Ashton, I'm already I'm already six fronzas deep. I can't keep up with the math. I got you. Don't worry. That's why I'm here. That's why Ashton Forbes is here with my big orbs. What he's basically saying is, we know the math to solve the plasma motion. We know it. We just apply F= ma. Just apply normal basic physics. An object in motion stays in motion. Just apply normal basic physics. Electro electrical electromagnetic equations. Maxwell's electromagnetic equations. The four simplified equations. That's it right there. He's saying just apply these equations. We're just going to apply these equations to plasma and then we'll know how plasma moves, right? Simple. That's his thought. That's what he's getting at here. Now, let me skip ahead a little bit. >> Of course, this is a fully nonlinear system because to compute F, I need electric and magnetic fields. But to compute electric and magnetic fields, I need to know F, right? So, it's it's it's fully nonlinear. And F itself is a six a fixed V object plus time. And that's incredibly unpleasant. Of course, you know, um you are not going to make a lot of progress trying to solve this analytically. Um it is sort of very difficult. It took someone like Landau himself to solve the linear version of this problem and therefore derive what is known as landau damping in plasma. And it took a fields medalist Cedric Villani recently uh mathematician to show um some interesting effects about the long-term behavior of the solutions to these these equations. So you know I'm not just name >> so some people so basically he's just name dropping. No, I'm just kidding. He makes a joke about how he's not just name dropping. Basically, some super smart people spent probably like 70 years solving these equations to figure out how the plasma is going to move around, right? They're like, "Okay, we're going to treat it like a gas and now the particles are moving around and now we're going to do these complex electromagnetic equations, see how the particles move around." And then what happened? Some smart dude came in and just invalidated everything. [laughter] Some smart dude rolls up and goes, "You know what? This is stupid." He's like, "We can just treat the plasma like a liquid. Why are we modeling the plasma like a gas at all?" He's like, "In fact, if the plasma is dense enough, then you can just treat it like a liquid, and then you can just use fluid dynamics, fluid mechanics to understand how it's going to work, how it's going to move." Boom. Mind blown. >> But I don't need to think about these particles. Maybe they're colliding enough, right? They glide all the time and therefore they have a fluid-like character. this the flow of this object this plasma is you know like water except of course it now responds to the Lawrence force and so if you adopt that so assuming that there's enough collisions the distribution function is approximately Maxwellian you'd write equations like this where row is mass density so this thing is like a continuity equation this thing here is actually just F equals ma right so this is this is the momentum equation where the forces acting on your fluid are pressure gradient visosity Lauren force. This is the acceleration. And then you need a diabetic equation of states, an equation for pressure. Again, you need to know the magnetic field. So you couple that with um with what's left of Maxel's equations. >> And these are called the magneto hydrodnamic equations. They're hydrodnamics, but now there's magnetic field. So you refer to this as magneto hydrodnamics. >> So there you go. Okay. So, one thing I did find was uh Nuno's uh MIT page because I wanted to see what has he actually been working on? What what research has this guy been working on? And I mean, he has won several awards and when I saw his research interest, this what made me really want to know about him because right off the bat, you see magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection is one of the things that I've been speaking about is that when the orbs are converging on the plane, I'm pretty sure that what the trigger mechanism is is a magnetic reconnection moment. When the magnetic fields of the three orbs converge into one and cause a magnetic reconnection moment and when you read about why this is significant is the idea that the magnetic reconnection releases energy releases a huge amount of energy. What if the magnetic reconnection moment in this case releases this energy but like a vortex that just sucks the plane to a different location. That's the theory that I've got going. So here you go. Magnetic reconnection ubiquitous phenomenon in nature. Solar flares, magnetic substorms, and a saw tooth of tearing instabilities and tokamax are just a few examples of fascinating effects where reconnection plays a key role. One of my research interests is understanding the instability of reconnection site to the formation of multiple magnetic islands or plasmoids. [music] Well, well, well. What do we have here? Plasmoids, chat. Plasmoids right there. So, there he's got his papers. We're not going to look through his papers tonight. Although, this is interesting. Magnetic reconnection is fundamentally an energy conservation mechanism. Energy stored in the magnetic field is channeled into particle acceleration and heating. Mhm. Those are extremely significant effects when it comes to fusion. So we can understand now that obviously he was very interested in the phenomenon that allow fusion to happen allow it to exist and he also specialized in confinement and transport in fusion plasmas. The ability to keep a fusion temperature plasma well confined is a critical to the success of the fusion program. This is often impaired by turbulence and/or macroscopic instabilities. So he developed some code here. This is 2016. A complimentary aspect of my research is the confinement of very energetic fusionborn alpha particles which are critical to keep the plasma hot and ensure the fusion can be self- sustained. Alpha can resonate with a a particular set of plasma waves known as alphen waves leading to their destabilization and ensuring alpha transport away from the plasma core. Now, this is really interesting because this is about how you actually control the motion of the electrons versus the ions in your plasma. And in theory, what you're doing is you're like, okay, if I have this plasma and it's just going, how do I control that and keep it going for as long as possible so it doesn't fall apart?